There's kind of a nascent collection of these over on the subreddit, but I think it makes a lot of sense to have a thread here, so people can post suggestions, discuss them inline, have a long-running highly-visible record of all activity, and other such forum-related tomfoolery that reddit's "Post once, flurry-of-discussion, gone forever" mentality doesn't support.
Anyway, I'll start with the ones already posted up there, plus a few others that aren't straight from the stream, and hopefully others will add more below as they think of them or they're brought up on HH itself.
Chandler Carruth: Zero Cost Abstractions - Here's a Chandler Carruth talk that shows a bit of what it costs to have compilers clean up after you, where that can break down, and what C++11 means to all that. If anyone else knows other great Carruth talks, I'd love to get some links to them.
Casey Muratori: Immediate Mode GUI Design - Casey talked about this a bit on the stream. It's an interesting (and imo refreshing) take on how to create simple GUIs while avoiding the use of tons of GUI boilerplate. This was a long time ago (as you can tell from the video), and much has been done in this direction since then by others.
Casey Muratori: API Design - This was mentioned in a stream but I haven't had a chance to watch it yet.
Mike Acton: Data Oriented C++ - A very interesting talk by the lead engine dev at Insomniac about high-performance code. Jon Blow keeps recommending this talk over and over. A lot about carefully structured data and thinking hard about the low-level details of the machine.
Jonathan Blow: Attempting Deep Work - A great talk by Jon about how to work on something that is really meaningful to you, really hard, and really time consuming, and why it's worth it to do so.